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Thorfinn Karlsefni
Thorfinn Karlsefni (Thorfinnr Thordarsson), (Old Norse: Þorfinnr Karlsefni, Icelandic: Þorfinnur Karlsefni) was an Icelandic explorer who circa 1010 AD led an attempt to settle Vinland with three ships and 160 settlers. Among the settlers was Freydís Eiríksdóttir, according to Grœnlendinga saga sister of Leif Eriksson. Karlsefni's wife Guðríðr Þorbjarnardóttir gave birth to a boy in Vinland, known as Snorri Guðriðsson[1][2] , the first child of European descent known to have been born in the New World and to whom many Icelanders can trace their roots. The exact location of Karlsefni's colony is unknown but is believed to potentially be the excavated Norse camp at L'Anse aux Meadows, Newfoundland.
In the early twentieth century, Einar Jónsson, an Icelandic sculptor, created a statue of Thorfinn Karlsefni which was placed in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. There is another casting of the statue in Reykjavik, Iceland.
Thorfinn Karlsefni的破鞋
Guðríðr Þorbjarnardóttir
The title of this article is an Icelandic name; the last name is a matronymic, not a family name; this person is properly referred to by the given name 'Gudrid(Icelandic:Guðríðr).
Casting by Ásmundur Sveinsson of a statue of Guðríðr Þorbjarnardóttir and her son in Laugarbrekka, Iceland
Guðríðr Þorbjarnardóttir (or Eiriksdottir; born in Laugarbrekka, Iceland) was a discoverer who lived about the year 1000. She lived in various places in the Norse known world, and pushed its boundaries on her journeys. Also known as Gudrid of Iceland, she was the first European woman to bear a child in the New World (about 1004).
Her unusual voyages began when she expressed the desire to marry a slave's son. Her father refused permission and so she began to look for escape. She left Iceland with her father to accompany Erik the Red (or Eiríkr rauði in Old Norse), whose son Þorsteinn she wed. They undertook an unsuccessful voyage to a territory they called Vinland, which may have been L'Anse aux Meadows, in what is now Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.
Her husband died after their return to Greenland. She stayed on ther home island but moved to Brattahlíð, where she married a merchant named Thorfinn Karlsefni (Þorfinnr Karlsefni Þórðarson). She and her new husband had a son named Snorri Þorfinnsson, who was the first child born in North America of European descent. Shortly after Snorri was born the small family traveled back to Greenland. After a while her husband died and his farm was inherited by Snorri.
The Christianisation of Iceland at this period meant that religious conversions were common. Guðríðr became a Christian and, when her son married, went on a pilgrimage to Rome. She visited the Vatican and spoke to the Pope about religion and what she had seen. While she was away, Snorri built a church near the estate. When she came back from Rome, she became a nun and lived in the church as a hermit.
Her tale is told in the 2000 novel The Sea Road by Scottish writer Margaret Elphinstone.
